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Flowise AI — agentic threat model

9.5AIVSS 9.5 · Critical

Flowise AI is a highly flexible, open-source orchestration framework that presents significant agentic risk due to its support for custom tools, multi-agent flows, and extensive integrations, meaning a compromise could lead to unauthorized tool execution and data exfiltration across connected enterprise systems.

OWASP AIVSS score rationale

AIVSS = (CVSS_Base + AARS) × Mitigation_Factor, where AARS = (10 − CVSS_Base) × (Factor_Sum / 10) × ThM
CVSS base 8.5AARS uplift 1.01Factor sum 6.7/10Threat ×1.0Mitigation ×1.0
Autonomy of Action
0.70
Goal-Driven Planning
0.80
Self-Modification
0.30
Dynamic Tool Use
0.90
Persistent Memory
0.70
Contextual Awareness
0.80
Dynamic Identity
0.40
Multi-Agent Interactions
0.80
Non-Determinism
0.70
Opacity & Reflexivity
0.60

Scored with the canonical OWASP AIVSS formula (AIVSS calculator reference); agentic risk factors estimated from the agent’s described capabilities.

MAESTRO 7-layer threat model

Per-layer threats for this agent. Layers tagged “not certain from listing” are general, caveated commentary where the public description didn’t pin that layer.

L1 · Foundation Models⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — Flowise is an orchestration framework and does not host its own foundation models; model-level threats like backdoors or data poisoning depend entirely on the external LLM providers integrated by the developer.

L2 · Data Operations⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — while Flowise supports LlamaIndex and vector store integrations, the security of data operations, knowledge-base poisoning, and exfiltration risks are dependent on the user's specific database configurations and pipeline implementations.

L3 · Agent Frameworks✓ mapped

Flowise is highly exposed to framework-level vulnerabilities, prompt injection leading to tool misuse, and insecure tool integration, as its core value proposition is orchestrating Langchain, LlamaIndex, and custom developer-defined tools.

L4 · Deployment & Infrastructure⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — Flowise can be self-hosted or deployed in various environments, meaning container sandboxing, secrets management, and network security are the responsibility of the deploying organization rather than the framework itself.

L5 · Evaluation & Observability⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — the directory listing does not specify built-in evaluation, guardrails, or observability features, meaning monitoring for drift, anomalies, or prompt injections must be configured via third-party integrations.

L6 · Security & Compliance (cross-cutting)⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — being an open-source, low-code tool, enterprise security controls, access policies, and compliance alignments are not detailed and must be managed at the deployment level by the user.

L7 · Agent Ecosystem✓ mapped

Flowise explicitly supports building AI agents and multi-agent orchestration flows, exposing the ecosystem to risks of cascading failures, compromised custom tools, and trust abuse between orchestrated agents.

MAESTRO — the 7-layer agentic threat-modeling framework (Cloud Security Alliance / Ken Huang).